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1. What is West Nile virus?

West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne virus that can infect humans, birds, horses and other mammals. In most humans, West Nile virus infection causes a mild or moderate, short-lived flu-like illness, or causes no symptoms at all. However in some cases, particularly among persons 50 years of age and older, it can cause serious neurological diseases such as encephalitis, meningitis, or paralysis. West Nile virus first appeared in North America in New York City in 1999. Since then, the virus has spread across the continental United States.

2. What is being done to protect residents against West Nile Virus?

The City of Highland Village relies upon surveillance, both by residents and City crews, to identify and eliminate any standing water which could serve as a breeding place for mosquitoes and larvae. Typically larvae will thrive in still, shallow water less than 15 inches deep. Bird baths, pet bowls, wading pools, tire swings or any similar receptacle with standing water can serve as a breeding place for mosquitoes. .
The City utilizes progressive methods of protection which include public education, larvacide, and adulticide.

3. Does the City ever spray for mosquitoes?

Spraying or adulticide isn’t the first line of defense against mosquitoes in Highland Village, because for a number of years now, health authorities have concurred it is a less effective means of protection against mosquito-borne illness. However, if the problem does progress and there is a need for mitigation beyond surveillance and larvacide, the City of Highland Village is prepared to move ahead with a spraying plan.

In accordance with the Centers for Disease Control’s guidelines, which specify mosquito spraying is most effective when it is targeted and strategic in nature, the City may consider spraying in an area which meets the following criteria:
• A cluster of human West Nile Virus cases and,
• Positive West Nile Virus mosquito sampling in a targeted area
• Concurrent larvacide treatment

4. Will the public be notified in advance about spraying activities?

Advance notice will be provided if a decision is made to spray. The spraying location, schedule and time will be provided to the news media and posted on the city’s website, signs will be placed in the effected neighborhoods, and a Connect CTY call will be made.

5. What health risks are posed to people and pets from pesticides for adult mosquitoes?

Effect on human health is one of the primary factors considered in regulation of pesticides. Pesticides that can be used for mosquito control have been judged by the EPA not to pose an unreasonable risk to human health. People who are concerned about exposure to a pesticide, such as those with chemical sensitivity or breathing conditions such as asthma can reduce their potential for exposure by staying indoors during the application period (typically nighttime).

For more information on pesticides and health, consult the US Environmental Protection Agency, which oversees the registration of these chemicals. The National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) can also provide information through a toll-free number, 1-800-858-7378 or online.